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1.
Rev. cuba. oftalmol ; 34(2): e1064, 2021. tab
Article in Spanish | LILACS, CUMED | ID: biblio-1341453

ABSTRACT

Objetivo: Evaluar la seguridad ocular y sistémica de una combinación de lidocaína 2 por ciento y fenilefrina 1 por ciento administrada por vía intracameral para provocar midriasis intraoperatoria en la cirugía de catarata. Métodos: Se realizó un estudio prospectivo de serie de casos en 70 ojos de igual número de pacientes sometidos a facoemulsificación con implante de lente intraocular. El grupo midriasis intraoperatoria en la cirugía lo conformaron 35 pacientes dilatados con una inyección intracameral de lidocaína y fenilefrina antes de la cirugía, mientras otros 35 ojos se dilataron de manera tradicional, con un colirio midriático previo. Para la seguridad ocular se evaluaron múltiples parámetros del examen oftalmológico pre- y posoperatorio. Resultados: La presión intraocular, el espesor corneal central, la densidad celular del endotelio corneal y el edema corneal posoperatorio como hallazgo del segmento anterior se comportaron de manera similar en ambos grupos de estudio. Se reportó una complicación transoperatoria en el grupo de manera tradicional y un caso con edema quístico macular posoperatorio en el grupo midriasis intraoperatoria en la cirugía que no representaron diferencias significativas. Conclusión: La inyección de lidocaína más fenilefrina intracameral es una opción segura tanto ocular como sistémica para provocar midriasis durante la facoemulsificación(AU)


Objective: Evaluate the ocular and systemic safety of a combination of 2 percent lidocaine and 1 percent phenylephrine administered intracamerally to achieve intraoperative mydriasis in cataract surgery. Methods: A prospective study was conducted of a case series of 70 patients (70 eyes) who underwent phacoemulsification with intraocular lens implantation. The intraoperative mydriasis group was composed of 35 patients dilated with an intracameral injection of lidocaine and phenylephrine before surgery, whereas another 35 eyes were dilated by the conventional method, with mydriatic eye drops. Ocular safety evaluation was based on the analysis of a wide variety of pre- and postoperative ophthalmological examination parameters. Results: Intraocular pressure, central corneal thickness, corneal endothelial cell density and postoperative corneal edema as an anterior segment finding, behaved in a similar manner in both study groups. An intraoperative complication was reported in the conventional method group and a case with postoperative cystoid macular edema in the intraoperative mydriasis group group, neither of them exhibiting significant differences. Conclusion: Intracameral lidocaine plus phenylephrine injection is a safe ocular and systemic option to achieve mydriasis during phacoemulsification(AU)


Subject(s)
Humans , Phenylephrine/therapeutic use , Cataract Extraction/methods , Mydriasis/drug therapy , Lidocaine/therapeutic use , Case-Control Studies , Prospective Studies
2.
Indian J Ophthalmol ; 2012 Jul-Aug; 60(4): 277-281
Article in English | IMSEAR | ID: sea-144853

ABSTRACT

Purpose: To compare the effects of preoperative use of topical anti-inflammatory prednisolone acetate, ketorolac tromethamine, nepafenac and placebo, on the maintenance of intraoperative mydriasis during cataract surgery. Design: Randomized clinical trial. Materials and Methods: This single-center, masked, randomized clinical study comprised 140 patients scheduled for cataract surgery. Patients (35 in each group) were randomized to receive placebo, prednisolone acetate, ketorolac tromethamine 0.4% or nepafenac. These eye drops were administered three times daily for the two days prior to surgery. The pupillary diameters were measured by the surgeon using a compass prior to the corneal section and at the end of surgery. The primary outcome was the number of patients with pupil ≥ 6mm at the end of the surgery; the secondary outcome was the number of patients with pupil ≥ 6mm at the beginning of the surgery. Results: All the patients achieved pupil ≥ 6mm at the beginning of the surgery. The number of patients in the prednisolone (29/35), nepafenac (31/35) and ketorolac (30/35) groups with pupil ≥ 6mm was greater than in the placebo group in the maintenance of intraoperative mydriasis (19/35 – P =0.003). There was no statistical difference among the prednisolone, nepafenac and ketorolac groups in the maintenance of intraoperative mydriasis (P =.791). There were no complications during surgery or related to the preoperative use of the eye drops. Conclusion: Preoperative use of ketorolac, prednisolone and nepafenac was effective in maintaining intraoperative mydriasis when compared with placebo.


Subject(s)
Benzeneacetamides/administration & dosage , Benzeneacetamides/therapeutic use , Cataract Extraction/complications , Humans , Ketorolac Tromethamine/administration & dosage , Ketorolac Tromethamine/therapeutic use , Mydriasis/drug therapy , Mydriasis/etiology , Mydriasis/prevention & control , Patients , Phenylacetates/administration & dosage , Phenylacetates/therapeutic use , Placebos/administration & dosage , Placebos/therapeutic use , Prednisolone/administration & dosage , Prednisolone/analogs & derivatives , Prednisolone/therapeutic use , Preoperative Period , Randomized Controlled Trials as Topic
3.
Rev. bras. oftalmol ; 70(4): 248-251, jul.-ago. 2011. ilus
Article in Portuguese | LILACS | ID: lil-601025

ABSTRACT

A Síndrome de Urrets-Zavalia apresenta achados oculares bem descritos, porém sua fisiopatologia ainda é incerta. A isquemia iriana é o mecanismo proposto mais comum. Descrevemos dois casos submetidos à ceratoplastia lamelar profunda (CLP) realizadas pelo mesmo cirugião que desenvolveram a síndrome. No primeiro caso, a indicação cirúrgica foi para o tratamento de opacidade corneana e, no segundo, para o de ceratocone. No pós-operatório, ambos os pacientes evoluíram com pupila dilatada fixa que não regrediu totalmente apesar do tratamento administrado.


The Urrets-Zavalia Syndrome presents well described ocular findings, even though its physiopathology is still unsure. Iris ischemia is the most common proposing mechanism. We describe two cases that underwent deep lamellar keratoplasty (DLK) performed by the same surgeon and developed the syndrome. In the first case, the surgical indication was for corneal opacity treatment and, in the second case, for keratoconus treatment. During the post-operatory, both patients developed fixed dilated pupil, which didn't regress completely inspite of the onset treatment.


Subject(s)
Humans , Male , Female , Adult , Pilocarpine/administration & dosage , Mydriasis/etiology , Mydriasis/drug therapy , Corneal Transplantation/adverse effects , Corneal Opacity/surgery , Keratoconus/surgery , Pilocarpine/therapeutic use , Atrophy , Syndrome , Mydriasis/diagnosis , Pupil/physiology , Iris/pathology , Corneal Transplantation/methods , Corneal Opacity/diagnosis , Descemet Membrane/pathology , Iris Diseases/diagnosis , Iris Diseases/etiology , Ischemia , Keratoconus/diagnosis
4.
Rev. cuba. oftalmol ; 24(1): 46-54, ene.-jun. 2011.
Article in Spanish | LILACS | ID: lil-615633

ABSTRACT

OBJETIVOS: Determinar la efectividad clínica del diclofenaco sódico en colirio para mantener la midriasis pupilar durante la cirugía de catarata por facoemusificación y disminuir la inflamación en el posoperatorio, en el Instituto Cubano de Oftalmología Ramón Pando Ferrer durante el año 2010. MÉTODOS: Se estudiaron 40 ojos distribuidos al azar en dos grupos de 20 cada uno: a) se les aplicó en el preoperatorio y posoperatorio tratamiento tópico de rutina, y b) se les adicionó diclofenaco sódico en colirio durante el preoperatorio y la primera semana del posoperatorio. Se midieron los diámetros pupilares al inicio de la cirugía y al finalizar la aspiración de restos corticales. Se evaluaron los pacientes en el posoperatorio a las 24 horas, a los seis días y al mes de la intervención; se observó la presencia o no de hiperemia cilioconjuntival y celularidad en cámara anterior. RESULTADOS: Se observó que los pacientes en quienes se utilizó el diclofenaco sódico en colirio mantuvieron mayor grado de midriasis. A las 24 horas el número de pacientes del grupo 1 que presentaron hiperemia cilioconjuntival y celularidad en el humor acuoso fue superior a los del grupo 2, mientras que a los seis días y al mes estas variables se comportaron de forma similar en ambos grupos de estudio. CONCLUSIONES: Se ha comprobado que el diclofenaco sódico en colirio es efectivo en el mantenimiento de la midriasis transoperatoria y ofrece ventajas al disminuir la inflamación en la cirugía de catarata


OBJECTIVES: To determine the clinical effectiveness of diclofenac sodium eyedrops to maintain the pupillary mydriasis during cataract surgery by phacoemulsification and to decrease the postoperative inflammation in patients seen in the Ramón Pando Ferrer Cuban Institute of Ophthalmology over 2010. METHODS: Forty eyes were studied randomly distributed in two groups of 20 eyes each: a) in preoperative and postoperative periods a routine topical treatment was applied and b) eyedrops diclofenac sodium was added during the preoperative period and for the first week of postoperative period. The pupillary diameters were measured at onset of surgery and the end the aspiration or cortical remainders. The patients in the postoperative period were assessed at 24 hours, at 6 days and at month after intervention; there was or not of hyperemia cilioconjunctival and cellularity in the aqueous humor was higher than that of the group 2, whereas at 6 days and at month, these variables behaved if a similar way in both study groups. RESULTS: It was observed that the patients in whom the sodium diclofenac was used maintained a higher degree of mydriasis. After 24 hours of the surgery the number of patients of group I that showed cilioconjuntival injection and cellularity in anterior chamber was higher that the number of group 2, whereas after six days and after a month of the surgery these variables behaved in a similar form in both training groups. CONCLUSIONS: It was proved that the eyedrops diclofenac sodium is effective in maintenance of transoperative mydriasis and also decreases the inflammation in cataract's surgery


Subject(s)
Diclofenac/therapeutic use , Evaluation of Results of Therapeutic Interventions/methods , Phacoemulsification/methods , Mydriasis/drug therapy , Pupil , Pupil/physiology , Epidemiology, Descriptive , Prospective Studies
5.
Arq. bras. oftalmol ; 66(6): 819-822, nov.-dez. 2003. tab, graf
Article in Portuguese | LILACS | ID: lil-360346

ABSTRACT

OBJETIVO: Antiinflamatórios não hormonais, com efeitos antiprostaglandínicos, têm sido usados no pré-operatório de cirurgia de catarata para manutenção da midríase per-operatória. Infelizmente, ainda não existe um antiprostaglandínico ideal. Este é um estudo de corte transversal, randomizado, grupo-placebo e duplo-mascarado, comparando a eficácia do cetorolac de trometamina, flurbiprofeno sódico, diclofenaco sódico e um placebo, hipromelose, quanto à manutenção peroperatória da midríase. MÉTODOS: Cento e dezesseis pacientes, submetidos à extração extracapsular da catarata com implantação de lente intra-ocular, foram separados aleatoriamente em quatro grupos, que receberam a mesma rotina de dilatação e de instilação dos antiprostaglandínicos. O grupo I recebeu cetorolac de trometamina; grupo II, flurbiprofeno sódico; grupo III, diclofenaco sódico e grupo IV, hipromelose, o placebo. Os dados referentes à pupila foram obtidos por meio de questionário objetivo proposto aos cirurgiões no início e ao final da cirurgia. RESULTADOS: Os resultados mostraram diferença significativa entre o grupo I e o placebo quanto à manutenção da dilatação peroperatória. Também foi significativa a diferença entre o grupo I e os demais grupos em relação à suficiência da midríase para o início do ato cirúrgico e para a ocorrência de miose intra-operatória. Não se registrou diferença significante entre o uso de flurbiprofeno e de diclofenaco quando comparados ao placebo para os mesmos parâmetros (p<0,05). CONCLUSÕES: Os resultados mostraram que o cetorolac foi mais eficiente do que os medicamentos utilizados nos demais grupos em relação aos parâmetros testados. Embora se registrem diferenças percentuais entre os resultados alcançados com flurbiprofeno e diclofenaco as diferenças não são estatisticamente significativas. Estudos feitos sobre amostra maior e/ou estudos multicêntricos poderão definir com clareza o papel definitivo dos antiinflamatórios não hormonais na manutenção da midríase peroperatória.


Subject(s)
Humans , Male , Female , Adult , Middle Aged , Anti-Inflammatory Agents, Non-Steroidal , Cataract Extraction/methods , Lens Implantation, Intraocular , Mydriasis/drug therapy , Pupil , Ophthalmic Solutions/therapeutic use , Aged, 80 and over , Cross-Sectional Studies , Treatment Outcome
6.
Rev. bras. oftalmol ; 54(1): 15-20, jan. 1995. ilus
Article in Portuguese | LILACS | ID: lil-148553

ABSTRACT

Cinquenta pacientes, submetidos à midríase para investigaçäo clínico-oftalmológica, foram estudados para acompanhamento da reversäo da dilataçäo pupilar com o uso do Cloridrato de Dapiprazole, um alfa-bloqueador existente no mercado internacional. Em aproximadamente 60 por cento do número dos casos, näo foram obtidos resultados significativos na reversäo da midríase medicamentosa com a droga pesquisada. Foram analisadas no trabalho algumas hipóteses que justificariam este resultado


Subject(s)
Humans , Male , Female , Adolescent , Adult , Middle Aged , Mydriasis/drug therapy , Sympatholytics/pharmacology , Mydriasis/rehabilitation
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